- 时间:2025-11-19 20:02 作者: 来源: 阅读:0
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摘要:1. 不定式作目的状语的基本形式结构:to + 动词原形功能:直接说明主语动作的目的,相当于中文的“为了……”。He woke up early to catch the train.(他早起是为了赶火车。)→ "to catch the train" 解释了 "woke up early" 的目的。2. 强调目的:in order to / so as to为了更明确地强调目的,可以用 in o
1. 不定式作目的状语的基本形式
结构:to + 动词原形
功能:直接说明主语动作的目的,相当于中文的“为了……”。
- He woke up early to catch the train.
(他早起是为了赶火车。)
→ "to catch the train" 解释了 "woke up early" 的目的。
2. 强调目的:in order to / so as to
为了更明确地强调目的,可以用 in order to 或 so as to(更正式或书面化)。
- She studies hard in order to pass the exam.
(她努力学习是为了通过考试。) - He saved money so as to buy a new car.
(他存钱是为了买一辆新车。)
注意事项:
- so as to 一般不用于句首,而 in order to 可以:(有一篇专门讲so as to )
- ✅ In order to improve English, she practices daily.
- ❌ ~~So as to improve English...~~ (不自然)
2. 否定形式:
- 用 in order not to 或 so as not to 表明“为了避免……”。
- Example:
- She left quietly so as not to wake the baby.
(她悄悄离开,以免吵醒宝宝。)
3. 与“缘由”和“结果”状语的区别
不定式作状语时,需根据上下文判断是表目的、缘由还是结果:
类型 | 标志词/结构 | 例句 | 逻辑关系 |
目的 | to / in order to / so as to | He exercises daily to stay healthy. | 动作的意图(主动为之)。 |
缘由 | 形容词 + to do | I’m sorry to hear the news. | 因某事而产生情绪(被动反应)。 |
结果 | too...to / enough to | The tea is too hot to drink. | 自然导致的结果(非主观意图)。 |
例句对比:
- 目的:She bought a map to find the way.(她买了地图是为了找路。)
- 缘由:She was surprised to see him.(见到他,她很惊讶。)
- 结果:The box is too heavy to lift.(箱子重得抬不动。)
4. 不定式目的状语的替换表达
如果想避免重复使用不定式,可以用以下方式替换:
- 用“for + 名词”表明用途:
- He woke up early for the train ride. (为了乘火车)
(他为火车早起。→ 强调“为了赶火车”这件事。) - He woke up early to catch the train. (更清晰)
2. 用“so that + 从句”(更强调目的和结果):
- He woke up early so that he could catch the train.
(他早起是为了能赶上火车。)
5. 常见错误纠正
- 错误:~~He came to the party for to meet friends.~~
- ✅ 正确:He came to the party to meet friends.
("for" 不能直接接不定式,需用 "to" 或 "in order to"。)
- 错误:~~She studies hard for not failing the exam.~~
- ✅ 正确:She studies hard in order not to fail the exam.
6. 练习与巩固
尝试将以下句子改为不定式目的状语:
- She turned off the phone. She didn’t want to be disturbed.
→ She turned off the phone so as not to be disturbed. - They brought tools. They planned to repair the fence.
→ They brought tools to repair the fence.